Bill Verburg |
01-18-2023 02:52 PM |
Quote:
Originally Posted by GH85Carrera
(Post 11900140)
From what I remember, the big bang made equal amounts of anti-matter and real matter, and somehow matter managed to "win out" and still be here and all the antimatter was obliterated and the matter remained. Of course we might be in the antimatter universe and the matter was obliterated.
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The Big Bang should have created equal amounts of matter and antimatter in the early universe according to some theories but in actuality there was a slight asymmetry, ~1/1,000,000,000 this the matter seen now.
There are multiple symmetries like this that have been broken as the energy density of the universe has decreased.
In the standard model of particle physics, spontaneous symmetry breaking of the gauge symmetry associated with the electro-weak force generates masses for several particles, and separates the electromagnetic and weak forces. The W and Z bosons are the elementary particles that mediate the weak interaction, while the photon mediates the electromagnetic interaction. At energies much greater than 100 GeV(as in the early universe), all these particles behave in a similar manner. The Weinberg–Salam theory predicts that, at lower energies, this symmetry is broken so that the photon and the massive W and Z bosons emerge. In addition, fermions develop mass consistently.
Another is Chiral symmetry breaking of the strong interactions in particle physics. It is a property of quantum chromodynamics, the quantum field theory describing these interactions, and is responsible for the bulk of the mass (over 99%) of the nucleons, and thus of all common matter, as it converts very light bound quarks into 100 times heavier constituents of baryons. The approximate Nambu–Goldstone bosons in this spontaneous symmetry breaking process are the pions, whose mass is an order of magnitude lighter than the mass of the nucleons. It served as the prototype and significant ingredient of the Higgs mechanism underlying the electroweak symmetry breaking.
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