Which contained the words "I think I need your input in this" and "I think I bit off more than I can do".
My son's shed (24' long with a 6' high outside wall). It's attached to his garage which was built in the 1950's by someone who didn't know what they were doing. The shed is not much better.
It started with the neibour informing my son the wall of the shed had a hole in it which their dog had been making bigger. The wall was covered with painted OSB. and she had tried to cover the hole with a tarp but the thumbtacks she was using wouldn't stick as the wall was rotten. This shed was built at the edge of the property line. Right on the line.
I showed up after the call and he had removed the OSB which was rotten in places. We spent the next 3 hours removing the wet R12 insulation and several of the parts of the rotten wood.
It appears whoever put the roof on never put tar paper down or a proper starter strip or a drip edge. This allowed water to run inside the wall and invited Carpenter Ants to move in. Which they did, raising 1,000,000's of their offspring. They really like wet wood as you can see by the amount of damage.
What is holding the roof up is the inside 1/2"plywood wall. It has several steel commercial filing cabinets against it and a 10' long 4 x 4 steel work bench with a 1000 lbs of stuff on top.
Saturday we will remove top and bottom sill plates (or what was let of them) and all the rotten wall studs. Jack up the roof edge. Treat for ants. rebuild the wall structure and enclose the outside with pressure treated plywood. Might take two days......

The wall
Top plate
Top again
Bottom plate
Wall studs or what is left of them
Bottom plate
space between shingles which allowed the water in
All tarped up to keep the next two days of rain out...