Hopefully this saves some people some machine shop time assuming they have a mig. I made the sleeves from a piece of SS round I had, some SS tube might work. I did a couple practice runs with a broken stud and the sleeves in the vise to get the mig technique down to avoid melting thru the sleeve wall. If that happens then you have to grind it down so it doesn't hit the case shoulder when the stud is backed out. But you want good fusion immediately when you hit the trigger thus the 180A. The trigger timing is critical when running that hot. I used SS because it has a higher melting point vs. carbon. This engine had like 18 broken studs, it must have seen some winter salt. The two black studs in this pic are off a Cummins, I was looking at tigging a piece on but this is so much easier.