"Swedish authorities have, throughout the pandemic, said they don't think strict laws and fines would be effective in Sweden. Early on, this strategy was at least partly based on hopes the country could build up a 'herd immunity', emails between officials suggest, and this is something that hasn't happened."
" Firstly, there are legal difficulties to imposing a full lockdown in Sweden, a country without a framework for a legal state of emergency in peacetime.
This has frequently been cited as a reason Sweden has instead relied on recommendations, but the country does have the possibility to go further within existing laws.
During spring, the government was granted faster decision-making powers which meant it could impose measures like ordering closure of schools, shops, restaurants or other businesses, either regionally or nationally, without having to go through parliament.
This temporary law expired in July without ever being used, but is an example of how Sweden does have the possibility to introduce stricter measures than those currently used."
https://www.thelocal.se/20201106/is-sweden-heading-for-a-national-lockdown