[gordner]

I don't think it is necessarily a situation of "can't" so much as afterburn is not practical or as beneficial on a high bypass.
There is just no situation where a high bypass fan is the favoured powerplant but you also want afterburners. Afterburners are really a military thing, high stress on the engine, super poor economy, just a lot of power right now, which isn't really applicable to commercial aviation. Commercial aviation does not look for ways to burn as much gas as possible or drive down the life cycle of the engines.