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The Japannese were split in the summer of 45...there was the peace faction that approached the Soviets to act as intermedaries with the USA ( the USSR was still at peace with Japan). Then there was the Hawks who wanted to fight to the finish....The big stumbling block was with Unconditional surrender....the Emperor who is considered to be divine would be removed... the Japanese probably would have surrendered under the condition that the Emperor remain in power. The USA wouldn't grant them the condition, which would have allowed the warring faction to remain in power in Japan...

After the fighting on Okinawa the USA realized it would be a house to house fight in Japan..and casualities would be astronomical. A secondary concern of the USA was a Soviet invasion of Japan..after the USA did all the work....the USA didn't want the Soviets in the Japanese homeland...So Truman dropped the bomb....the first bomb while shocking the Japanese didn't cause them to surrender, the second bomb got their attention but they were still willing to hold out...then the Soviets declared war and invaded Manchuria, routing the Japanese Army....and that was when Japan decide to call it quits...