OK I will try my best
Can you describe the water?
Best way to describe is" cloudy" or "Haze
Green algae, brown algae, white cloudiness?
I see brown spots on the rocks and plants even after I wash them very good within a week they are back I also see this White cloudiness you mention
What type of fish, how many, and what size are they?
I have no idea of the names as they were giving to my boy, I will have to take a picture and post that, size wise almost all of them are smaller that my Pinsky,one a large about 3" all I know about him is that we have to feed him "Blood Warms"

I think total they're 10
How often are you changing the water and how much?
Seems like I'm changing the water every Sunday, I buy the drinking water bottles, I have try half and half, 3/4, all of it when I did half and half the water was nice for about 3 days after that the cloudiness appears
What lighting do you have? Is the aquarium by the window?
I have the light that came with the tank which is located on the top, the tank is not by the window.
What type and size of filter?
The filter is what came with the unit, here is a link to the same tank I have
Aqueon 16 Gallon Deluxe Bow Front Aquarium Kit - Aquarium Kits - Aquariums - PetSmart