[Crowbob]

That tree was dying. Unless you've done it already, the remaining hole is a combination of groundup wood and dirt and must be replaced with mostly soil. Otherwise whatever you plant will struggle and be unstable.

Any fast-growing tree you replace it with will be short-lived. Do not plant ash or elm. They will die, eventually.

Ask a local landscaper what to plant. A landscaper or landscape architect will recommend something that will survive in your climate and conditions. My advice, being a novice, would be to plant an ornamental crabapple.