[Crowbob]

Short-lived is 30 years or so. I'd go with a Norway maple. By locust, I hope you mean thornless Honey Locust. Regular locust trees have thorns on prodigious suckers that fall off right where you step with bare feet, get really spindly and are a mess when their branches crack but don't fall off. Black locust produce seed pods that look like huge pea pods and are also a mess. Most locusts need full sun to grow fast.

Lindens (aka basswood) grow fast, get huge and like to drop huge branches on to the roofs of garages or houses and smaller branches everywhere. Also without your due diligence in prevention, generate multiple stems. I just had one removed that had a chest high trunk diameter of 40".