My g/f, the personal trainer, had two different approaches to building lean muscle.
One was the usual multiple reps and sets...
the other was a very slow lifting (counting to ten or more) on each rep...like only three or four reps.
The idea is to tire the muscle first, then work it.
This second method was to ease the pain/damage to joints.
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I must get back into working out...I'm 30 lbs. overweight and have very little muscle definition any more.
When I start, I'll begin with 5 lb. dumbbell curls. This is where one's ego has no place.
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In my prime, my curls were with 40 lb. dumbbells, believe it or not.